AI Programmed to Learn at Human Speed
Researchers have created a computational model
that enables artificial intelligence to learn the way humans do,
according to an article published last week in the journal Science.
The model gives AI the ability to recognize handwritten alphabetical characters as fast as humans can.
While AI systems have been able to learn to spot patterns and make
inferences from pictures and sounds, they generally have been able to do
so only after being given thousands of examples. Humans typically need
only a handful of examples before they learn things.
Researchers from New York University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the University of Toronto reversed engineered the way people address problems and built an AI algorithm for that approach.
Their work has given weight to some promising approaches to putting
machine learning on par with human understanding, according to the
paper's lead author, Brenden Lake, a Moore-Sloan Data Science Fellow at
New York University.
"Compared to our best machine learning algorithms, people can learn a
new concept from less data and generalize in richer and more powerful
ways," he told TechNewsWorld. "We were able to capture these human
learning abilities for a large class of simple visual concepts --
handwritten characters from the world's alphabets."
The National Science Foundation, the Army Research Office, the Office of Naval Research and the Moore-Sloan Data Science Environment at New York University supported the AI research.
The Promise of AI
It doesn't take much imagination to cook up use cases for human-like AI
in the high-tech sector, but other industries also could benefit from
machine learning.
Online university courses would benefit greatly from automated
processes delivered by AI, said Susan Eustis, senior researcher and
co-founder at
WinterGreen Research.
It would help professors further personalize content for students and
enable them to update textbooks with the latest research on a given
topic.
"Medical markets stand to gain diagnostic flexibility, greatly
speeding the time to achieve an accurate diagnosis and refer patients to
an appropriate treatment regime," she told TechNewsWorld.
"Supply chain modernization will also benefit from the ability to
manage thousands of varying inputs and quickly notify all the
appropriate managerial endpoints as to the state of shipments and
inventory in a timely manner," Eustis added.
The Potential for Peril
While the rise of AI over humans is a common doomsday scenario, Eustis
doesn't see a point at which biological brains fall behind robots in
intelligence.
"Think of a dolphin that is really smart, but there is no danger that
the dolphin will get smarter than the human," she said. "The same goes
for AI. There is no predictable point where the machines get smarter
than the human. They just continue to get really good at designated
tasks, better and better."
There's no reason to worry that the algorithm will someday empower machines to outperform humans, Lake said.
"I think this work represents genuine progress in a limited domain,
but it also highlights the challenges and major gaps that remain between
human and machine learning when all cognitively natural domains are
considered," he said. "People are still much better learners."